GitaChapter 1Verse 34

Gita 1.34

Arjuna Vishada Yoga

आचार्याः पितरः पुत्राः तथैव च पितामहाः । मातुलाः श्वशुराः पौत्राः श्यालाः सम्बन्धिनस्तथा ॥३४॥

ācāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrāḥ tathaiva ca pitāmahāḥ mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ śyālāḥ sambandhinaḥ tathā

In essence: When Arjuna names each relationship—teacher, father, son, grandfather—he names every bond that makes us human; to sever them all is to sever himself from humanity.

A conversation between a seeker and guide to help you feel this verse deeply

Sadhak-Guru Dialogue

Sadhak: "Guruji, this verse is just a list of relatives. There's no action, no teaching. Why is it even in the Gita?"

Guru: "Because the Gita understands something modern philosophy often forgets: we are not abstract beings who happen to have relationships. We are our relationships. When Arjuna names each one, he's not giving information to Krishna—Krishna already knows who's there. He's realizing, word by word, what he's being asked to destroy."

Sadhak: "But these relatives chose to stand against him. Doesn't that matter?"

Guru: "Their choice doesn't erase the relationship. If your father joined a criminal organization, would you stop being his child? You might oppose his actions, but you cannot undo the fact that he taught you to walk, that his voice was the first you recognized. Arjuna's opponents are still his teachers, still his kin."

Sadhak: "He mentions teachers first—acharyas. Why teachers before fathers?"

Guru: "In Vedic culture, the teacher's position was often higher than the father's. The father gives biological life; the teacher gives second birth through knowledge. Drona taught Arjuna everything he knows about warfare. Using those very skills to kill Drona—that's using a gift to destroy the giver. The betrayal is structural."

Sadhak: "What about grandsons and sons? They're on the enemy side too?"

Guru: "The next generation is always caught in the previous generation's conflicts. Arjuna's son Abhimanyu will die in this war. Grandsons will be killed by their own cousins' armies. When Arjuna says 'pautrah' (grandsons), he's seeing how war doesn't just kill the present—it destroys the future. Children pay for elders' conflicts."

Sadhak: "I notice 'sambandhinah'—relatives by marriage. Why include in-laws?"

Guru: "Marriage extends family indefinitely. Your spouse's relatives become your relatives. The network expands beyond blood. Arjuna is realizing that family is not a small circle—it spreads outward until, in some sense, everyone is connected. The Mahabharata war was civil war precisely because the combatants were all related."

Sadhak: "This makes me think of my own family conflicts. Much smaller scale, but still..."

Guru: "Every family conflict is a small Kurukshetra. When you fight with siblings over inheritance, when you cut off relatives over politics, when you stop speaking to your father—you face Arjuna's dilemma at a lower intensity. And the question is the same: is the goal worth the relationship?"

Sadhak: "Usually I tell myself the relationship wasn't that important."

Guru: "That's the lie we tell to avoid Arjuna's pain. He cannot lie to himself—they're standing right there. But you can pretend the uncle you cut off doesn't matter. The Gita invites you to stop pretending and face the full weight of what severance means."

Did this resonate with you? Share it with someone who needs to hear this.

🌅 Daily Practice

🌅 Morning

Name five people who have shaped who you are—teachers, parents, friends, mentors. Acknowledge specifically what they gave you. Arjuna's grief comes from recognizing these debts. When we forget what we've received, we become capable of careless harm. Remembering makes us gentle.

☀️ Daytime

Today, when you interact with family (however you define it), pause before any criticism or conflict to mentally note: 'This is my ___.' Filling in the relationship (mother, brother, colleague who mentored me) changes the energy of the interaction. It doesn't mean never disagreeing—but it means remembering connection before conflict.

🌙 Evening

Draw or write out your network of meaningful relationships—a simple web with yourself in the center and connections radiating outward. See how many people are connected to you. Arjuna saw this web on the battlefield and couldn't strike at it. When do you strike at your web carelessly? What would it mean to hold it with more awareness?

Common Questions

Arjuna is just listing people to build emotional momentum. Isn't this manipulation rather than philosophy?
The Gita is not dry philosophy—it's embodied wisdom. Arjuna's emotion is the ground from which Krishna's teaching will grow. If the student were indifferent, the teaching would be mere lecture. The emotional weight of these verses creates the psychological opening through which the Gita's profound teachings can enter. Philosophy without feeling is sterile; feeling without philosophy is chaos. The Gita integrates both.
Not all relatives are worth protecting. What if someone in the family is genuinely evil?
The Gita will address this. Krishna will eventually help Arjuna see that some on the opposing side have indeed acted wrongly and that protecting dharma may require opposing even family. But that's the teaching—the resolution. Right now, Arjuna is in the confusion, where he can only see relationship, not righteousness. Both perspectives contain truth; the synthesis is the Gita's work.
Modern life is more individualistic. We don't define ourselves by family roles as much. Is this verse outdated?
The individualism of modernity is partly real and partly illusion. We still derive identity from relationships—we've just expanded beyond blood family to friends, colleagues, romantic partners, social groups. The Gita's point remains: we are relational beings. To destroy our relationships is to destroy ourselves. Whether those relationships are traditional family or modern chosen family, the principle holds.